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Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023A12 was used for the development of fermented sausage. The growth activity, tolerance, and enzyme activity of A12 and its contribution to the texture and flavour of...
A12 was used for the development of fermented sausage. The growth activity, tolerance, and enzyme activity of A12 and its contribution to the texture and flavour of fermented sausages were evaluated. Additionally, the sensory texture, flavour components, and amino acid nutrients during the fermentation process were assessed. had high tolerance to NaCl and nitrite, and A12 had protease and lipase activities. The pH value of sausage fermented with A12 was lower than that of sausage fermented without any fermentation strain. Hexanal, heptanal, decanal, cis-2-decanal, and 4-methoxy-benzaldehyde are the unique aldehydes flavour components of fermented sausages in the A12 group. The highest content of volatile flavour substances and amino acids, and the color and texture characteristics of fermented sausage in the experimental group at 18 h were better than those at other times. These results suggest that A12 has the potential to be used as a starter culture for im-proving flavour and texture in fermented sausage.
PubMed: 36673428
DOI: 10.3390/foods12020336 -
Gut Microbes 2021Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks the third most common cancer type in both men and women. Besides the known genetic and epigenetic changes in the gut epithelial cells, we...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks the third most common cancer type in both men and women. Besides the known genetic and epigenetic changes in the gut epithelial cells, we now know that disturbed gut microbes could also contribute to the onset and progression of CRC. Hence, keeping a balanced gut microbiota (GM) has become a novel pursue in the medical field, particularly in the area of gastrointestinal disorders. (Gp) is a dietary herbal medicine. In our previous study, Gp saponins (GpS) displayed prebiotic and cancer-preventive properties through the modulation of GM in Apc mice. However, the specific group(s) of GM links to the health effects of GpS remains unknown. To track down the missing link, we first investigated and found that inoculation with fecal materials from GpS-treated Apc mice effectively reduces polyps in Apc mice. From the same source of the fecal sample, we successfully isolated 16 bacterial species. Out of the 16 bacteria, stands out as the responder to the GpS-growth stimulus. Biochemical and RNAseq analysis demonstrated that GpS enhanced expressions of a wide range of genes encoding biogenesis and metabolic pathways in culture. Moreover, we found that colonization of markedly reduces the polyp burden in Apc mice. These findings reveal a mutualistic interaction between the prebiotic and a probiotic to achieve anticancer and cancer-preventive activities. Our result, for the first time, unveils the anticancer function of and extend the probiotic horizon of .
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bifidobacterium animalis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gynostemma; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prebiotics; Probiotics
PubMed: 33228450
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1847629 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023The consumption of probiotics may influence children's gut microbiome and metabolome, which may reflect shifts in gut microbial diversity composition and metabolism....
INTRODUCTION
The consumption of probiotics may influence children's gut microbiome and metabolome, which may reflect shifts in gut microbial diversity composition and metabolism. These potential changes might have a beneficial impact on health. However, there is a lack of evidence investigating the effect of probiotics on the gut microbiome and metabolome of children. We aimed to examine the potential impact of a two ( and ; S2) three (S2 + subsp strain BB-12) strain-supplemented yogurt.
METHODS
Included in this study were 59 participants, aged one to five years old, recruited to phase I of a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Fecal samples were collected at baseline, after the intervention, and at twenty days post-intervention discontinuation, and untargeted metabolomics and shotgun metagenomics were performed.
RESULTS
Shotgun metagenomics and metabolomic analyses showed no global changes in either intervention group's gut microbiome alpha or beta diversity indices, except for a lower microbial diversity in the S2 + BB12 group at Day 30. The relative abundance of the two and three intervention bacteria increased in the S2 and S2 + BB12 groups, respectively, from Day 0 to Day 10. In the S2 + BB12 group, the abundance of several fecal metabolites increased at Day 10, including alanine, glycine, lysine, phenylalanine, serine, and valine. These fecal metabolite changes did not occur in the S2 group.
DISCUSSION
In conclusion, there were were no significant differences in the global metagenomic or metabolomic profiles between healthy children receiving two (S2) three (S2 + BB12) probiotic strains for 10 days. Nevertheless, we observed a significant increase (Day 0 to Day 10) in the relative abundance of the two and three probiotics administered in the S2 and S2 + BB12 groups, respectively, indicating the intervention had a measurable impact on the bacteria of interest in the gut microbiome. Future research using longer probiotic intervention durations and in children at risk for gastrointestinal disorders may elucidate if functional metabolite changes confer a protective gastrointestinal effect.
PubMed: 37333640
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1165771 -
Current Microbiology Feb 2022Aging is an irreversible physiological degradation of living organisms. Accumulated oxidative stress and dysbiosis accelerate aging. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus and...
Aging is an irreversible physiological degradation of living organisms. Accumulated oxidative stress and dysbiosis accelerate aging. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and their fermented metabolites (postbiotics) have been discovered to exhibit antioxidative activities that regulate oxidative stress and protect cells from oxidative damage. We screened selected Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains and their postbiotics for potential antioxidative activity by using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Strains with their metabolites were selected for mixed formula in experiments involving aging mice. The aged groups presented higher oxidative stress in the brain, liver, heart, and kidney than did young mice. However, treatment with probiotic strains and their postbiotics elevated antioxidative levels, especially in the high-dose probiotics plus postbiotics group. Next-generation sequencing data revealed positive microbiota alterations of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia in the gut. Lactobacillus johnsonii and Akkermansia muciniphila exhibited effective enlargement of relative abundance. Besides, high-dose probiotics and high-dose probiotics plus postbiotics showed significant elevation in serum SCFAs, especially in butyrate. In conclusion, the formula containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. infantis BLI-02, Bifidobacterium breve Bv889, Bifidobacterium bifidum VDD088, B. animalis subsp. lactis CP-9, and Lactobacillus plantarum PL-02 and their metabolites may benefit aged people's health.
Topics: Animals; Bifidobacterium; Bifidobacterium bifidum; Lactobacillus; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Probiotics
PubMed: 35157139
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02783-y -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Life expectancy has increased globally in recent decades, driving interest in maintaining a healthy life that includes preservation of physical and mental abilities,...
Life expectancy has increased globally in recent decades, driving interest in maintaining a healthy life that includes preservation of physical and mental abilities, particularly in elderly people. The gut microbiome becomes increasingly perturbed with aging so the use of probiotics can be a strategy for maintaining a balanced gut microbiome. A previous report showed that subsp. BPL1™ induces through its lipoteichoic acid (LTA) fat reduction activities via the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway. Here, we have delved into the mechanism of action, eliminating alternative pathways as putative mechanisms. Furthermore, we have identified that BPL1™, its heat treated form (BPL1™ HT) and its LTA prolong longevity in in an insulin/IGF-1-dependent mechanism, and its consumption improves the oxidative stress response, gut permeability and protection against pathogenic infections. Furthermore, positive effects on stress-related behaviors and in the Alzheimer's Disease model were found, highlighting the potential of the strain in improving the cognitive functions and proteotoxicity in the nematode. These results indicate the pivotal role of the IGF-1 pathway in the activity of the strain and pave the way for potential applications of BPL1™, BPL1™ HT and its LTA in the field of longevity and age-related markers.
PubMed: 38136226
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122107 -
Nutrients Aug 2021The administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics is often associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), and impacts gastrointestinal tract homeostasis, as... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics is often associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), and impacts gastrointestinal tract homeostasis, as evidenced by the following: (a) an overall reduction in both the numbers and diversity of the gut microbiota, and (b) decreased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Evidence in humans that probiotics may enhance the recovery of microbiota populations after antibiotic treatment is equivocal, and few studies have addressed if probiotics improve the recovery of microbial metabolic function. Our aim was to determine if subsp. BB-12 (BB-12)-containing yogurt could protect against antibiotic-induced fecal SCFA and microbiota composition disruptions. We conducted a randomized, allocation-concealed, controlled trial of amoxicillin/clavulanate administration (days 1-7), in conjunction with either BB-12-containing or control yogurt (days 1-14). We measured the fecal levels of SCFAs and bacterial composition at baseline and days 7, 14, 21, and 30. Forty-two participants were randomly assigned to the BB-12 group, and 20 participants to the control group. Antibiotic treatment suppressed the fecal acetate levels in both the control and probiotic groups. Following the cessation of antibiotics, the fecal acetate levels in the probiotic group increased over the remainder of the study and returned to the baseline levels on day 30 (-1.6% baseline), whereas, in the control group, the acetate levels remained suppressed. Further, antibiotic treatment reduced the Shannon diversity of the gut microbiota, for all the study participants at day 7. The magnitude of this change was larger and more sustained in the control group compared to the probiotic group, which is consistent with the hypothesis that BB-12 enhanced microbiota recovery. There were no significant baseline clinical differences between the two groups. Concurrent administration of amoxicillin/clavulanate and BB-12 yogurt, to healthy subjects, was associated with a significantly smaller decrease in the fecal SCFA levels and a more stable taxonomic profile of the microbiota over time than the control group.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bifidobacterium animalis; Colon; Diarrhea; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Middle Aged; Probiotics; Yogurt; Young Adult
PubMed: 34444974
DOI: 10.3390/nu13082814 -
Microorganisms Nov 2022Skin photoaging, which causes wrinkles, increased epidermal thickness, and rough skin texture, is induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure. These symptoms by skin...
Skin photoaging, which causes wrinkles, increased epidermal thickness, and rough skin texture, is induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure. These symptoms by skin photoaging have been reported to be involved in the reduction of collagen by the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). This study investigated the protective effects of MG741 ( MG741) in Hs-68 fibroblasts and hairless mice (HR-1) following UVB exposure. We demonstrated that the MG741 reduces wrinkles and skin thickness by downregulating MMP-1 and MMP-3, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-FOS in fibroblasts and HR-1. Additionally, in UVB-irradiated dorsal skin of HR-1, MG741 inhibits the expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), an inflammation-related factor. Thus, MG741 has the potential to prevent wrinkles and skin inflammation by modulating skin photoaging markers.
PubMed: 36557596
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122343 -
Medicine Nov 2022Probiotics had been used to decreased bilirubin level in neonatal jaundice (NJ) without being further studied mechanism and stratification. The intestinal pathogen... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Adjuvant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CP-9 improve phototherapeutic treatment outcomes in neonatal jaundice among full-term newborns: A randomized double-blind clinical study.
BACKGROUND
Probiotics had been used to decreased bilirubin level in neonatal jaundice (NJ) without being further studied mechanism and stratification. The intestinal pathogen Escherichia coli produced β-glucuronidase would increase enterohepatic circulation and elevate serum bilirubin levels (SBLs) which might worsen the disease process of NJ.
STUDY OBJECTIVE
We hypothesized that some probiotics could decrease bilirubin level through inhibiting the growth of E. coli. It's assumed that adjuvant probiotic intervention might accelerate the phototherapy for NJ and alleviate the severity of the NJ. Besides, it's further study the efficacy of the probiotic intervention in NJ among the full-term and preterm newborns.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Firstly, the Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CP-9 was screened for its anti-E. coli activity. Then, it was orally administered to newborns with NJ in combination with conventional phototherapy (wavelength 425-457 nm) to determine its efficacy. 83 neonatal patients whose serum bilirubinemia was at a concentration of ≥ 15 mg/dL were participated the double-blind randomized trial and conducted in the neonatal ward of China Medical University Children's Hospital (CMUCH, Taichung, Taiwan). The test was conducted in 2 groups: experimental group: phototherapy + B. animalis subsp. lactis CP-9 (n = 43; 5 × 109 CFU/capsule) and control group: phototherapy + placebo (n = 40). The SBL and total phototherapy duration were measured.
RESULTS
The experimental group showed improved serum bilirubin decline rate (-0.16 ± 0.02 mg/dL/h; P = .009, 95% CI -0.12 to -0.2), particularly in the first 24 hour of in-hospital care, and reduced total phototherapy duration (44.82 ± 3.23 h; P = .011, 95% CI: 51.3-38.2) compared with the control group. Especially, probiotics had a significant therapeutic effect (serum bilirubin decline rate: -0.18 ± 0.02 mg/dL/h, 95% CI -0.12 to -0.23, P = .014; phototherapy duration: 43.17 ± 22.72 h, 95% CI 51.9-34.3, P = .019) in the low-risk subgroup (full-term newborns).
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, B. animalis subsp. lactis CP-9 synergistically improves treatment outcomes of NJ during in-hospital phototherapy including reduced total phototherapy duration and improved serum bilirubin decline rate, particularly in full-term newborns.
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Jaundice, Neonatal; Bifidobacterium animalis; Probiotics; Treatment Outcome; Bilirubin
PubMed: 36397441
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000031030 -
Food Research International (Ottawa,... Jul 2020The current study was conducted to develop a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 quantification in...
The current study was conducted to develop a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 quantification in microcapsules matrix with full-fat goat milk and inulin-type fructans. DNA was isolated from milk, feed solutions (before spray drying) and microcapsules (after spray drying) using DNAzol. Two primer pairs targeting Bal-23S or Tuf sequences were evaluated by qPCR. The qPCR efficiency was higher (89.5%) using the Tuf primers than Bal-23S primers (84.8%). Tuf primer pair was able to selectively detect B. animalis ssp. lactis BB-12. After, quantification of bifidobacteria in the microcapsules matrix by Tuf qPCR assay was compared to conventional enumeration by plate counting. The analysis of probiotic feed solutions and microcapsules showed higher (P < 0.05) bacterial enumeration determined by Tuf qPCR assay compared to those obtained by plate counting. This qPCR assay was considered a rapid and sensitive alternative for the quantification of B. animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 in probiotic microcapsules compared to plate counting.
Topics: Animals; Bifidobacterium animalis; Capsules; DNA; Desiccation; Fructans; Goats; Inulin; Milk; Probiotics; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 32466908
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109131 -
PloS One 2021The past two decades of research have raised gut microbiota composition as a contributing factor to the development of obesity, and higher abundance of certain bacterial...
Polydextrose with and without Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420 drives the prevalence of Akkermansia and improves liver health in a multi-compartmental obesogenic mice study.
The past two decades of research have raised gut microbiota composition as a contributing factor to the development of obesity, and higher abundance of certain bacterial species has been linked to the lean phenotype, such as Akkermansia muciniphila. The ability of pre- and probiotics to affect metabolic health could be via microbial community alterations and subsequently changes in metabolite profiles, modulating for example host energy balance via complex signaling pathways. The aim of this mice study was to determine how administration of a prebiotic fiber, polydextrose (PDX) and a probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420 (B420), during high fat diet (HFD; 60 kcal% fat) affects microbiota composition in the gastrointestinal tract and adipose tissue, and metabolite levels in gut and liver. In this study C57Bl/6J mice (N = 200) were split in five treatments and daily gavaged: 1) Normal control (NC); 2) HFD; 3) HFD + PDX; 4) HFD + B420 or 5) HFD + PDX + B420 (HFD+S). At six weeks of treatment intraperitoneal glucose-tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed, and feces were collected at weeks 0, 3, 6 and 9. At end of the intervention, ileum and colon mucosa, adipose tissue and liver samples were collected. The microbiota composition in fecal, ileum, colon and adipose tissue was analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing, fecal and liver metabolomics were performed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It was found that HFD+PDX intervention reduced body weight gain and hepatic fat compared to HFD. Sequencing the mice adipose tissue (MAT) identified Akkermansia and its prevalence was increased in HFD+S group. Furthermore, by the inclusion of PDX, fecal, lleum and colon levels of Akkermansia were increased and liver health was improved as the detoxification capacity and levels of methyl-donors were increased. These new results demonstrate how PDX and B420 can affect the interactions between gut, liver and adipose tissue.
Topics: Akkermansia; Animals; Bifidobacterium animalis; Diet, High-Fat; Energy Metabolism; Feces; Gastrointestinal Tract; Glucans; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Prevalence; Probiotics
PubMed: 34855861
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260765